What is a Saturated Market and How to Identify It?
So, what does “saturated market” actually mean? Very simply: it is a situation where the supply of a particular product or service is significantly greater than the demand. As a result, competition between businesses intensifies, prices fall, and it becomes more difficult for businesses to profit and grow. A saturated market is often characterized by a large number of competitors offering similar products or services, making it difficult for any business to stand out and attract customers.
But how do you know if your market is indeed saturated? Here are some clear signs to watch out for:- Decline in market share: If you see your sales declining despite marketing efforts, it may be that competition has increased and customers are switching to competitors.
- Competitor expansion: If new competitors are popping up all the time, it’s a sign that the market is attracting many players, which increases competition.
- Customer churn: If long-time customers are leaving you for competitors or stopping purchasing your products/services, they may be looking for something you are not offering.
- Price wars: If you have to lower prices to compete, it’s a sign that the market has become price-sensitive and it’s harder to profit.
- Little innovation: If there isn’t much innovation in the market, it could indicate that it has reached a saturation point and it is more difficult to find new ways to attract customers.
How to Apply the “Jobs to be Done” Theory to Identify Unmet Needs?
The “Jobs to be Done” theory by Professor Clayton Christensen from Harvard Business School offers us a new way to think about customer needs. Instead of focusing on demographic characteristics or traditional market segmentation, the theory focuses on the “jobs” that customers “hire” products or services to perform. In other words, what is the customer trying to achieve or solve when they purchase a particular product?
For example, a customer doesn’t “buy a drill,” they “hire a drill to make a hole in the wall.” This understanding opens the door to innovation: if we understand the customer’s real “job,” we can find better, cheaper, or more convenient ways to perform it. How do you apply the theory in practice?- Identify the “jobs”: Conduct qualitative market research to understand what your customers are trying to achieve. Ask them questions like: “What bothers you?”, “What would you like to improve?”, “What are you trying to achieve?”.
- Analyze existing solutions: Examine the products and services available in the market. Do they perform the “job” perfectly? Do they have disadvantages? Are they too expensive?
- Find opportunities: Look for gaps between customer needs and existing solutions. Are there “jobs” that are not being adequately addressed? Is there a way to offer a better, cheaper, or more convenient solution?
How Does Market Research Help Reveal Gaps in the Market?
Market research is a vital tool for any business, especially in a saturated market. It allows you to deeply understand your customers, your competitors, and the dynamics of the market. Through thorough market research, you can uncover gaps and unmet needs, and find business opportunities that others have missed.
What market research methods exist?- Customer observation: Watch your customers use existing products and services. What do they like? What bothers them? Where do they struggle?
- Feedback collection: Conduct surveys, interviews, and focus groups to get direct feedback from customers. Ask them about their needs, their desires, and their experiences.
- Consumer behavior analysis: Track the behavior of your customers online and in stores. What products are they looking for? What are they buying? What are they saying on social media?
- Data analysis: Use existing data, such as sales data, website traffic data, and social media data, to identify trends and patterns.
What Differentiation Strategies Can Be Implemented in a Saturated Market?
In a saturated market, differentiation is the key to survival and prosperity. If you can’t differentiate yourself from the competition, you’ll become just another generic business competing only on price.
So how do you differentiate? Here are some possible strategies:- Price point: Offer lower prices than competitors, or offer premium products at higher prices.
- Customer service: Provide exceptional customer service that makes customers feel valued.
- Distribution channel: Reach your customers through new and unconventional channels.
- Branding: Build a strong and unique brand that represents your values.
- Niche focus: Focus on a specific market segment whose needs are not being adequately met.
- Value proposition: Create a unique value proposition that promises customers specific benefits.
Summary
In this article, we explored a variety of practical strategies for identifying business opportunities in saturated markets. We learned how to identify a saturated market, how to apply the “Jobs to be Done” theory, how to use market research to uncover gaps, and how to differentiate to stand out from the competition.
But it is important to remember that the work does not end here. Markets are constantly changing, and customer needs are evolving. To succeed in the long term, you must continue to adapt, innovate, and look for new ways to create value. So don’t be afraid to think outside the box, think differently, and try new things. With a little creativity and determination, you can find growth opportunities even in the most saturated markets. Good luck!